Cancer Treatment New Drug Developer
May 10, 2024The internationally authoritative academic journal, a sub-journal of Science, "Science Immunology," officially published a research paper on the single-cell multi-omics analysis of IASO Bio's fully human BCMA-targeted chimeric antigen receptor autologous T-cell injection (Idecabtagene Vicleucel Injection, R&D code CT103A) for the treatment of patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD).——Single-cell analysis of anti-BCMA CAR T cell therapy in patients with central nervous system autoimmunity. This paper is the world's first to depict the dynamic trajectory of CAR-T cells in patients with autoimmune diseases, analyze the molecular characteristics of CAR-T cell infiltration in the central nervous system, reveal the mechanism of central nervous system immune remodeling during CAR-T treatment of neurological autoimmune diseases, and elucidate the molecular differences of CAR-T cells between patients with autoimmune diseases and cancer patients at the cellular and molecular levels.

IASO Bio published interim results of a Phase I investigator-initiated clinical study on the use of Equecabtagene Autoleucel Injection for treating Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) in the Nature sub-journal, Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (IF=38.1), in 2022. The study preliminarily demonstrated good tolerability and safety of Equecabtagene Autoleucel Injection in NMOSD, a durable pathogenic antibody clearance effect, and potential clinical efficacy. However, the cellular kinetics and immunological characteristics of CAR-T therapy for central nervous system autoimmune diseases remain unclear.
This study is an investigator-initiated, open-label exploratory clinical trial (NCT04561557) evaluating the safety and efficacy of infusing Icaritin Cell Injection for the treatment of relapsed or refractory antibody-mediated idiopathic inflammatory neurological diseases. The study is led by Professor Wang Wei's team from Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Single-cell multi-omics analysis was performed on blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples from 5 relapsing-remitting AQP4-positive NMOSD patients treated with Idecabtagene Vicleucel injection and 5 multiple myeloma patients in the same period to study the in vivo characteristics of CAR-T cells in patients with autoimmune diseases. The study found that there was only a 13% overlap in the B-cell immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IgVH) sequences between the peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid of NMOSD patients, indicating that B cells in the cerebrospinal fluid are mostly derived from B cells inherent to the central nervous system rather than from peripheral blood.CAR-T cells with chemotactic properties can penetrate the blood-brain barrier to enter the central nervous system, directly eliminating abnormal plasma cells in the CNS, reducing the secretion of intrathecal autoantibodies and abnormal activation of immune cells, thereby correcting the immunological disorder in the central nervous system of NMOSD patients, which is beneficial for the reconstruction of central immune function in patients.。Studies show that in patients with autoimmune diseases, CAR-T cells are predominantly composed of the CD8+ cytotoxic CAR-T cell phenotype, and compared to the control group, the killing function of CAR-T cells is reduced. These characteristics explain why the severity of CRS after CAR-T treatment is relatively mild and the persistence of CAR-T cells is relatively short in patients with autoimmune diseases, which is beneficial for early immune reconstitution in patients.Further confirmed the good safety of IASO Bio's injectable drug in autoimmune diseases.。
The principal investigator of this clinical study, Professor Wang Wei from Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologySaid, "As innovative clinical research on CAR-T therapy for autoimmune diseases continues to emerge in different countries and regions around the world, global experts are increasingly valuing and recognizing the promising application of this novel cell therapy for patients with relapsed and refractory immune disorders. Our current study is the world's first to conduct a deep single-cell multi-omics analysis of various body fluids from NMOSD patients, depicting the dynamic evolution of CAR-T cells within immune disease patients at the cellular and molecular levels. Particularly, we discovered that CAR-T cells with chemotactic properties are more likely to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and enter the central nervous system, directly targeting and eliminating abnormal immune cells there—a key finding for treating immune abnormalities in the central nervous system. Additionally, by comparing CAR-T cells in autoimmune patients with those in cancer patients, we identified several distinct characteristics of CAR-T cells in autoimmune patients, which could provide important scientific evidence for subsequent product iterations and improvements in CAR-T cell therapy for immune disorders."
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Ms. Jin Hua Zhang, Founder and Chief Executive Officer of IASO Bio"It is with great pleasure that we announce the publication of another research achievement on the use of Equecabtagene Autoleucel Injection for treating autoimmune diseases in 'Science Immunology.' This marks the third academic article in the autoimmune field published in an international authoritative journal this year through the collaboration between IASO Bio and Professor Wang Wei's team from Wuhan Tongji Hospital. Once again, this research has achieved a 'world-first,' further validating the efficacy, safety, and durability of CAR-T therapy for treating autoimmune diseases. It has also reinforced IASO Bio’s commitment to focusing on the development of CAR-T products for autoimmune conditions. Currently, IASO Bio has received clinical approvals in China and the United States for autoimmune diseases such as neuromyelitis optica and myasthenia gravis, and plans to accelerate the progress of these projects. In terms of business development (BD) collaborations, in 2022, we entered into a global exclusive licensing agreement with Cabaletta Bio, a U.S.-based cell therapy company. We granted Cabaletta the exclusive global rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize a clinically validated fully human CD19 sequence for CAR-T applications in autoimmune diseases. Currently, this product has received IND approval for multiple autoimmune indications including systemic lupus erythematosus/lupus nephritis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, systemic sclerosis, and myasthenia gravis, and its clinical trials are proceeding steadily. We will actively seek more global BD collaborations in the autoimmune space to expedite product development, ensuring that patients worldwide can access safer and more effective treatments sooner."
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